Method of forming a container



Oct. 17, 1939. M. WAGNER 2,176,370

ME'I'HQD OF FORMING-A CONTAINER Filed Dec. 10, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 F76] F76. z 3 Fm:

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BYMM I Oct. 17, 1939.

M. WAGNER METHOD OF FORMING A CONTAINER Filed Dec. 10, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 F'lf. m".

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Filed Dec. 10 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 2M1 FIG. 2a.

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Patented Oct. 17, 1939 2,176,370

um'rso 's'rA'rss PATENT OFFICE P0181116 A CONTAINER Melvin W -I Chicago, 111-. allignor to The Liquid Carbonic Corporation, Chicago,

111., a corporation of Delaware Application December 1., 1936, Serial No. 115,178

6 Claims. (CI. 93-35) '5- It is my object to provide a method compristhe paper and enters any interstices in the paper 6 ing the steps of coating 9. sheet with a varnishto render it substantially impervious, and a thercontaining solvent; driving off the solvent, while moplastic sealing medium either along the sealstill maintaining the varnish in a plastic, ading edges or over the surface of the material hesive condition; and then applying to the sheet which can be caused to adhere by the applical0 having this adhesive varnished surface a thermotion of heat.

plastic medium in its non-plastic state so that It is my object to provide a container of the it will adhere to the adhesive varnished surface. laminated construction described which can be Thereafter the varnishis dried and cooled. when sealed along one edge by the use of the varnish it is desired to assemble the sheet into a conhaving a. solvent, leaving the top and bottom of [I tainer, the application of heat, and sometimes the container open so that the solvent can be the application of pressure, will cause the therdriven oii and all odors removed before sealing moplastic medium to adhere to another layer or the bag, and thereafter sealing the bag by the sheet of thermoplastic medium to form a subapplication of heat to the top and bottom thereof stantially gas-tight and substantially moistureadjacent the thermoplastic material in order to B0 proof seal. With some types of thermoplastic complete the closure of the container. media, the adherence may be direct on the paper It is my object to provide means of retaining without the interposition of the varnish. the first mentioned scam in such a position as It is the object of my invention to provide a not to interfere with the sealing of the top and gas or liquid-tight container of paper which can bottom of the bag.

88 be sealed to contain gas or liquid. It is my object to provide a blank of container It is a further object to provide such a conmaterial in which one edge is turned over to tainer with a flexible body wall so that it will form a sealing seam. accommodate itself both to the contents which Referring to the drawings: it may contain and any other carton or con Figure 1 is a plan view of a blank of laminated U tainer in which it may be inserted. material. 80

It is my object to provide a material for the Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 showing a. making of such containers which is substantially form of laminated material in which two sheets impervious to the passage of liquid and is subof paper, previously treated with silicate of soda stantially impervious to the passage of gas within and passed through hot burnishing rolls have 85 a reasonable period of time; and to provide in been adhered together by a varnish from which 85 combination with such material means of sealthe solvent has been driven off. ing the container formed therefrom without the Figure 3 is the reverse. side of the blank of production of any solvent odors which will con- Figure 1 showing the application of the transtaminate the contents of the container. I verse top and bottom thermoplastic sealing strips.

0 In particular it is my object to provide mate- Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figrial for a container and a container of the charure 3. acter described consisting of a flexible material Figure 5 is a side elevation of a container such as paper, an impervious coating such as a showing the bringing together of the adjacent varnish from which the solvents are driven off edges of the blank and the attachment of these ll after the application of the varnish to the paper, edges one to the other with adhesive, such as a and a thermoplastic sealing medium. varnish having a solvent.

It is-my object to provide a container in which Figure 6 is a section on the line 65 looking the sealing medium is restricted to the sealing in the direction of the arrows. areas and which can be applied and will adhere Figure '1 is a side elevation showing the seam either to the paper" directly or to the varnished turned over against the side wall of the con- 50 surface of the paper after the solvent has been tainer to which it is caused to adhere by an driven out of the varnish. adhesive.

In particular it is my object to provide a sheet Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Figof paper having a high surface gloss, that is ure 7 looking in the direction of the arrows. ll relatively transparent and dense, such a paper Figure 9 is asection on the line 9-9 of Figure! I My invention relates to a process of manufacturing a composite sheet for use in a gastight and moisture-proof container and also to a process of manufacturing such a container.

consisting of a sheet that has been coated with silicate of soda or its equivalent and has been passed through hot burnishing rolls, a varnish which firmly anchors itself on the surface of looking in the direction of the arrows. This sectlon is taken through the thermoplastic seal at the bottom of the container.

Figure is a. perspective of the top of the container prior to sealing showing a sheet of paper having been treated with silicate of soda and passed through hot bumishing rolls joined by an adhesive film of varnish and having on the interior the top strip of thermoplastic material for sealing.

Figure 11 is a blank shown in plan from the paper side of the blank.

Figure 12 is a. section on the line 52-42 which shows a single sheet of paper having, a varnished surface.

Figure 13 is a similar view showing a single sheet of paper having a sheet of thermoplastic material over the entire surface.

Figure it is a plan view of the inside of the blank showing a horizontal and a vertical thermoplastic sealing strip.

Figure 15 is a section on the line fi s-l5 of Figure 14 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 1611s a section on the line lt-it of Figure M with the blank folded and sealed along its seam as the first step in forming the container.

Figure 17 is a section on the line ll-ii of Figure 1& when the blank is folded and sealed along its seam with the blank having its vertical seam arranged in the same manner as in Figure 16.

Figure 17a is a view similar to Figure 1'7 showing in detail a preferred form of seal at the vertical seam.

Figure 18 is an outside elevation of a modified blank consisting of a. sheet of paper, a varnished surface, and strips of thermoplastic sealing medium at the top and bottom of the sheet with the edge of the sheet turned over for use in forming the vertical seam when the container is assembled.

Figure 19 is an inside view of the same blank shown in Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a section ou the llne 2l|2l of Figure 19.

Figure 21 is a section on the line 2l-2l of Figure 18.

Figure 22 is a perspective of the container as assembled and sealed along the verticalseam and across the bottom prior to being sealed at the top.

Figure 23 is a plan view of the outside of a modified blank which has a sheet of paper, a coatmg of varnish, and a cover sheet of thermoplastic material, the whole blank being turned over alon one vertical edge to form a sealing seam.

Figure 24 is a section on the line 2424 of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a perspective of the top portion of the container prior to scaling using the modified blank of Figures 23 and 24 with the vertical seam sealed.

It will be understood that when I refer to paper I refer to a variety of different types of paper, preferably those that are dense and which have a high gloss and are translucent or transparent. A typical specimen of this class is the paper which has been treated by applying silicate of soda. thereto and which thereafter has been passed through hot burnishlng rolls.

When I refer to a. varnish I refer to any 1mpregnating medium which can be applied by spraying, brushing or roller coating or any equivalent means, and, if it contains a solvent, of such character that the solvent can be driven off or will dry off within a reasonable period of time.

Amongst the materials that I have found satisfactory is a varnish of a synthetic resin such as one of the vinyl resins. It will be understood, however, that there are a wide variety of syn thetlc resins or natural gumresins which can be employed as long as they dry with a hard impervious surface, adhere to the paper, and are dense while retaining their flemblllty.

' I have found that the combination of the paper and this varnish provides a medium that is substantially impervious to the passage of liquid and gases, even gases under pressure, such as those pressures customarily used in packaging materials with an. inert gas. I have found that a single sheet of paper with such a varnish is satisfactory for most purposes, but under some conditions it is desirable to apply twov sheets of paper to a single varnish coat between them.

When I-refer to a thermoplastic medium I refer to rubber hydrochlorides such as Plioiilm or to one of the vinyl resins. Indeed, the vinyl resins when used as a varnish may also be employed as a thermoplastic sealing medium by the applica tion of heat and sometimes of heat and pressure. The rubber hydrochlorides, however, have no solvent odors and are caused to seal and adhere by the application of heat alone, or in some cases, a very slight deformation orpressure.

It will be understood that one of the problems that has confronted the art is to provide a container which will have no residual solvent odors to contaminate the contents of the container, such as food products. By first coating paper which has been treated by applying silicate of soda thereto and which thereafter has been passed through hot burnishing rolls, which are comparatively impervious to solvents, with a solvent-containing varnish or coating and then driving off the solvents by evaporation, the resulting sheet is impervious and is thermoplastic over the entire surface and on given areas as desired. The seal ing can take place to form the container and to close it after the solvents have been thus removed so that there is no danger of the contamination of the contents of the container. I am careful to evaporate this solvent before having the two materials adhere so that there will be no entrapped solvent. The flexlblllty of the coating of the paper can be regulated by the addition of the usual plasticizers.

Turning to the drawings in' detail and in particular to Figures 1 to 10, which constitute the first embodiment ofmy invention, l designates the paper sheets between which is the adhesive varnish 2. These sheets are applied one to the other when the varnish is still in a plastic adhesive condition and thereafter the solvent is evaporated, leaving the sheets adhering in firm but flexible engagement. 3 and 3a designate the thermoplastic strips which are caused to adhere to the paper sheets. These strips are located preferably at the top and bottom of the blank. 7

The blank is then folded so as to bring the vertical edges 4 and 5 into abutting engagement. They are caused to adhere to one another by a. vertical strip of adhesive varnish 6 or a thermoplastic medium. If the varnish is used with a solvent, the solvent can be evaporated away because the top and bottom of the container are still open and air can circulate from end to end through the container. It is desirable to fold the vertical seam back against. the side wall of the container and to cause it to adhere to the side wall by the adhesive I or a strip of thermoplastic material. After the bag is thus formed, the bottom is sealed by the application of heat along the thermoplastic bottom strip 3a. The

- package is then filled, charged with gas if it is to be gas-charged, and then the top is sealed by heat along the thermoplastic strip 3.

Turning to the modification shown in Figures 11 to 17 inclusive, a single sheet of paper I is coated with either the varnish or the thermoplastic material 2 or 8 respectively. I prefer to use the varnish and to mount on the opposite side the horizontal strips of thermoplastic material 3 and 3a, with a vertical side strip at the seam designated 3b. The advantage of this arrangement is that the adjacent vertical seam edges can be caused to adhere by bringing the strip 3b against the outside of the adjacent seam edge at 30. This provides a seam that is flat with the overlapping portion on the inside of the container. Thereafter the container is sealed at the top and bottom as heretofore described.

Referring to the modification shown in Figures 18 to 22 inclusive, the sheet of paper I is coated with the varnish 2 and then there is mounted upon the varnished surface at the ,top and bottom the horizontal strips 3 and 3a of thermoplastic sealing material. The edge of this blank at 9 is turned over. When the bag is folded to form a container, the edge Sis in position to be overlapped by the opposite seam edge 10 so that the thermoplastic strips 3 and 3a will by themselves or in cooperation with a varnish cause the vertical seam to adhere. If desired, a vertical strip of thermoplastic material can extend vertically on the face 9 throughout its length.

In Figures 23 to 25 inclusive, such a construction as shown in Figures 18 to 21 is employed except that the sheet of thermoplastic material completely covers the varnished surface. The area where the heat has been particularly applied for sealing purposes is indicated by the dotted lines at H and I2.

Thus it will be seen that my invention consists primarily of a sheet of paper, an impregnating varnish to render the paper impervious, and a thermoplastic sealing method arranged either in a sheet or in strips which is not subject to solvent odors. It is therefore possible to secure the plasticity and ready application of a varnish, to drive off the solvent odors, and then to seal the container immediately before and after filling without danger of contamination of the contents of the container.

It will be understood that my method of forming a container and the material for so forming a container consists of coating a sheet with a varnish-containing solvent, driving offthe solvent while still maintaining the varnish in a plastic, adhesive condition, and of applying the thermoplastic medium in its non-plastic state on the adhesive varnished surface. The solvent may be evaporated either by heating, by a blast of air or by suction. The thermoplastic medium may be pressed against the adhesive varnish. In any event, after the union has been effected, the composite sheet is cooled. The same procedure is followed in causing the thermoplastic material to adhere to a paper surface or in causing two sheets of paper to adhere to one another.

The s'heet of paper I prefer is a paper sheet that is coated with silicate of soda or its equivalent and passed through hot, burnishing rolls. Despite this fact it is not impervious to moisture or to gases, but the application of the varnlsh coating makes it possible to fill any of the pin holes or interstices in the sheet in order to render the sheet substantially impervious to moisture or gases. Likewise the impregnation of the sheet so described serves to anchor firmly the varnish coating into and upon the sheet.

This application covers the method of forming this composite sheet of container material, while my copending application Ser. No. 114,651, filed December 7, 1936, covers the product.

It will be understood that I desire to comprehend within my invention such modifications as'may be necessary to adapt it to varying conditions and uses.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A method of forming a container, substantially impervious to gases and liquids, consisting of the steps (a) coating a sheet of paper with a solvent-containing impervious varnish; (1)) applying thereon a preformed thermoplastic medium in its cold state; (0) folding the sheet into container form with the thermoplastic medium adjacent the edges of the sheet in engagement with one another; and (d) applying heat and pressure to said sheet to cause the thermoplastic media to adhere to one another to seal the container.

2. A method of forming a container comprising the steps of (a) coating a paper sheet with a solvent-containing resin varnish; (b) evaporating the solvent from the varnish; (c) applying a sheet of resilient thermoplastic material to the sheet so formed against the side coated with the varnish; (d) forming the sheet into the form of a container with the thermoplastic-bearing edges adjacent to one another; and (e) apply ing heat and pressure to said edges to cause the thermoplastic media to adhere to seal the container.

3. In a method of forming a container, the steps of (a) coating a silicate coated paper with a solvent-containing impregnated varnish to render the sheet substantially impervious to the passage of gases and liquids; (17) forming the sheet into a container by turning it so that its adjacent vertical edges are engaged along a seam; (c) pressing the edges along the seam in contact so as to cause them to adhere while the varnish is still plastic with the solvent; (d) evaporating the solvent from the varnish while the ends of the container are still open; and (e) sealing the top and bottom of the container after the solvents have been driven oil? by applying heat to a thermoplastic medium devoid of solvents inserted within the seam areas of the container in order that said container may be sealed in the absence of solvent odors.

4. In a method of forming a sheet to make a container, the steps of (a) coating a sheet with a varnish-containing solvent; (12) driving off the solvent partially while still maintaining the varnish in a plastic, adhesive condition; (0) applying a thermoplastic medium in its non-plastic state on the plastic adhesive varnished surface; (d) completing the removal of all solvent odors by evaporation; and (e) pressing the thermoplastic medium and the varnish against one another.

5. In a method of forming a sheet to make a container, the steps of (a) coating a paper sheet with a solvent-containing varnish; (b) evaporating the solvent partially from the varnish, leaving the varnish in a plastic, adhesive state by heating the varnished sheetf (c) applying a thermoplastic medium to the varnished surface while the thermoplastic medium is unheated and is devoid of solvent odors; (d) pressing the varnish and thermoplastic medium against one another; and (e) cooling the composite sheetso formed.

6. In amethod of forming a composite sheet !or use in a container, the steps of (a) treating ing of the varnish.

MELVIN WAGNER. 

